Tag: complications

  • Nearsightedness (Myopia)

    Nearsightedness (Myopia): Definition and Description of Nearsightedness (Myopia): Nearsightedness, clinically known as myopia, is a common refractive error in which distant objects appear blurry while close objects can be seen clearly. This condition occurs when the eyeball is slightly longer than normal or when the cornea (the clear front cover of the eye) has too…

  • Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Perineum

    Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Perineum: Definition and Description of Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Perineum: Necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum is a severe, rapidly progressing infection that affects the tissue of the perineal region. This life-threatening condition is characterized by the death of soft tissue, typically caused by bacterial infections that can result in severe systemic…

  • Needle Aspiration Biopsy

    Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Definition and Description of Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Needle aspiration biopsy (NAB) is a minimally invasive medical procedure used to obtain tissue samples from various parts of the body. It involves the use of a thin, hollow needle to extract cells or fluid from a suspicious mass or lump, particularly in organs such…

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

    Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Definition and Description of Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), which comprises the brain and spinal cord. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers, leading to inflammation and damage. This disrupts communication…

  • Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis

    Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis: Definition and Description of Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis: Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis (MSL), also known as Launois-Bensaude syndrome, is a rare condition characterized by the development of multiple lipomas—benign tumors composed of adipose (fat) tissue—that typically arise symmetrically on the body. It most commonly affects middle-aged men and presents as clusters of lipomas that…

  • Mumps

    Mumps: Definition and Description of Mumps: Mumps is a contagious viral infection primarily characterized by the swelling of the parotid glands, which are located near the jaw and produce saliva. The mumps virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family and typically spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected individual. Mumps can…

  • Muscular Dystrophies

    Muscular Dystrophies: Definition and Description of Muscular Dystrophies: Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of inherited disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. These conditions are caused by genetic mutations that interfere with the production of proteins necessary for healthy muscle function. There are many types of muscular dystrophies, each affecting different sets of…

  • Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

    Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): Definition and Description of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) is a group of hematological disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production in the bone marrow. This syndrome results in inadequate production of one or more types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. MDS can manifest…

  • Nail Fungus

    Nail Fungus: Definition and Description of Nail Fungus: Nail fungus, medically known as onychomycosis, is a common fungal infection that affects the nails. It occurs when a fungus invades the nail bed, leading to discolored, thickened, or brittle nails. The condition can affect both fingernails and toenails, but it is more prevalent in toenails due…

  • Narcolepsy

    Narcolepsy: Definition and Description of Narcolepsy: Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by the brain’s inability to properly regulate sleep-wake cycles. This condition leads to excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden sleep episodes, and, in some cases, cataplexy, which is a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by strong emotions. Narcolepsy can significantly impact daily functioning…