Tag: public health

  • Opportunistic Infections

    Opportunistic Infections: Definition and Description of Opportunistic Infections: Opportunistic infections are infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems compared to those with healthy immune responses. These infections are caused by pathogens that usually do not cause disease in people with intact immune defenses but can thrive and…

  • Oral Health

    Oral Health: Definition and Description of Oral Health: Oral health refers to the overall health of the mouth, teeth, gums, and related structures. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is not only about the absence of disease but also about the ability to speak, smile, eat, and show emotions without discomfort or pain.…

  • Noroviruses

    Noroviruses: Definition and Description of Noroviruses: Noroviruses are a group of highly contagious viruses that are the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Defined medically, noroviruses belong to the Caliciviridae family and are known to cause inflammation of the stomach and intestines, leading to severe vomiting and diarrhea. They are often referred to as “stomach flu,”…

  • Nutritional Rickets

    Nutritional Rickets: Definition and Description of Nutritional Rickets: Nutritional rickets is a skeletal disorder that occurs due to a deficiency of essential nutrients, primarily vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. This condition leads to the softening and weakening of bones in children, making them susceptible to deformities and fractures. Medical definitions describe nutritional rickets as a…

  • Nicotine Withdrawal

    Nicotine Withdrawal: Definition and Description of Nicotine Withdrawal: Nicotine withdrawal refers to a collection of symptoms that occur when a person who is dependent on nicotine stops using it. Nicotine, an addictive substance found in tobacco products, alters the brain’s chemistry, leading to physical and psychological dependence. When nicotine use is abruptly discontinued, the body…

  • Night Blindness

    Night Blindness: Definition and Description of Night Blindness: Night blindness, also known as nyctalopia, is a vision impairment that affects an individual’s ability to see in low-light conditions or darkness. It is not a standalone condition but often indicates an underlying problem with the retina, optic nerve, or the overall visual system. The inability to…

  • Mumps

    Mumps: Definition and Description of Mumps: Mumps is a contagious viral infection primarily characterized by the swelling of the parotid glands, which are located near the jaw and produce saliva. The mumps virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family and typically spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected individual. Mumps can…

  • MRSA

    MRSA: Definition and Description of MRSA: MRSA, or Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is a type of bacteria that is resistant to several antibiotics, including methicillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin. It is a strain of Staphylococcus aureus, commonly found on the skin and in the noses of healthy individuals. While these bacteria are often harmless, MRSA can lead…

  • Metabolic Syndrome

    Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Description of Metabolic Syndrome: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. It is characterized by a combination of high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar levels, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels. This condition…

  • Listeriosis

    Listeriosis Definition and Description of Listeriosis Listeriosis is an infection caused by the bacterium *Listeria monocytogenes*, which can be found in contaminated food and water. This infection primarily affects pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Listeriosis can lead to severe complications, including meningitis and septicemia, making early diagnosis and treatment…